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Kutnohorite
| Kutnohorite | |
|---|---|
 Kutnohorite, Wessels Mine, Kalahari manganese fields, Northern Cape Province, South Africa. Size 4.4 x 4.2 x 1.9 cm | |
| General | |
| Category | Carbonate mineral |
| Formula (repeating unit) | CaMn2+(CO3)2 |
| IMA symbol | Kut[1] |
| Strunz classification | 5.AB.10 |
| Dana classification | 14.2.1.3 |
| Crystal system | Trigonal |
| Crystal class | Rhombohedral (3) H-M symbol: (3) |
| Space group | R3 |
| Unit cell | 330.60 ų |
| Identification | |
| Formula mass | 215.0 g/mol (end member) |
| Color | White, pale pink or light brown |
| Crystal habit | Aggregates of bundled bladed crystals |
| Cleavage | Perfect on {1011} |
| Fracture | Subconchoidal |
| Tenacity | Brittle |
| Mohs scale hardness | 3.5–4 |
| Luster | Vitreous to dull |
| Streak | White to pale pink |
| Diaphaneity | Translucent |
| Specific gravity | 3.12 |
| Density | 3.10–3.12 |
| Optical properties | Uniaxial (−) |
| Refractive index | no = 1.710–1.727, ne = 1.519–1.535 |
| Birefringence | 0.191–0.192 |
| Solubility | Soluble in acids |
| References | [2][3][4][5] |
Kutnohorite is a rare calcium manganese carbonate mineral with magnesium and iron that is a member of the dolomite group. It forms a series with dolomite, and with ankerite. The end member formula is CaMn2+(CO3)2,[6] but Mg2+ and Fe2+ commonly substitute for Mn2+, with the manganese content varying from 38% to 84%,[2] so the formula Ca(Mn2+,Mg,Fe2+)(CO3)2 better represents the species. It was named by Professor Bukowsky in 1901 after the type locality of Kutná Hora, Bohemia, in the Czech Republic.[7] It was originally spelt "kutnahorite" but "kutnohorite" is the current IMA-approved spelling.
- ^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
- ^ a b Gaines et al (1997) Dana's New Mineralogy Eighth Edition. Wiley
- ^ Barthelmy, David (2014). "Kutnohorite Mineral Data". Webmineral.com. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
- ^ Kutnohorite, Mindat.org, retrieved 8 August 2022
- ^ Anthony, John W.; Bideaux, Richard A.; Bladh, Kenneth W.; Nichols, Monte C. (2005). "Kutnohorite" (PDF). Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineral Data Publishing. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
- ^ "IMA Mineral List with Database of Mineral Properties".
- ^ Frondel, Clifford and Bauer, L H (1955), Kutnahorite, a manganese dolomite, CaMn(CO3)2. American Mineralogist 40: 748
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