Gerakan antiglobalisasi

Gerakan anti-globalisasi atau gerakan kontra-globalisasi^[1] adalah gerakan sosial yang kritis terhadap globalisasi kapitalisme perusahaan. Gerakan ini sering dikaitkan dengan gerakan keadilan global,^[2] gerakan alter-globalisasi, gerakan anti-globalis, gerakan globalisasi anti-perusahaan,^[3] atau gerakan melawan globalisasi neoliberal.

Para aktivis anti-globalisasi melontarkan kritiknya berdasarkan sejumlah pemikiran terkait.^[4] Aktivis pada umumnya menentang perusahaan multinasional besar yang memiliki kekuasaan politik tak terbatas; kekuasaan politik tersebut dimanfaatkan melalui perjanjian perdagangan dan pasar keuangan yang minim intervensi pemerintah. Lebih rincinya, perusahaan dituduh memaksimalkan laba dengan mengorbankan standar keselamatan kerja, standar perekrutan dan upah tenaga kerja, prinsip konservasi lingkungan, dan integritas kewenangan legislatif, kemerdekaan, dan kedaulatan negara. Sejumlah pengamat menyebut perubahan drastis ekonomi global sebagai "turbo-kapitalisme" (Edward Luttwak), "fundamentalisme pasar" (George Soros), "kapitalisme kasino" (Susan Strange),^[5] dan "McWorld" (Benjamin Barber).

Banyak aktivis anti-globalisasi menuntut integrasi global yang memberikan perwakilan demokratis, memajukan hak asasi manusia, perdagangan adil, dan pembangunan berkelanjutan sehingga mereka merasa istilah "anti-globalisasi" sangat meleset.^[6][7][8]

1. ^ Jacques Derrida (May 2004) Enlightenment past and to come Diarsipkan 2017-07-19 di Wayback Machine., speech at the party for 50 years of Le Monde diplomatique
2. ^ Della Porta, Donatella, ed. (2006). The Global Justice Movement: Cross-national And Transnational Perspectives. New York: Paradigm. ISBN 978-1-59451-305-3. 
3. ^ Juris, Jeffrey S. (2008). Networking Futures: The Movements against Corporate Globalization. Durham: Duke University Press. hlm. 2. ISBN 978-0-8223-4269-4. 
4. ^ No Logo: No Space, No Choice, No Jobs by Canadian journalist Naomi Klein.
5. ^ Strange, Susan: Casino Capitalism. Oxford: Blackwell, 1986.
6. ^ Morris, Douglas Globalization and Media Democracy: The Case of Indymedia Diarsipkan 2009-03-04 di Wayback Machine. (pre-publication version)
7. ^ Podobnik, Bruce, Resistance to Globalization: Cycles and Evolutions in the Globalization Protest Movement Diarsipkan 2008-02-28 di Wayback Machine., p. 2. Podobnik states that "the vast majority of groups that participate in these protests draw on international networks of support, and they generally call for forms of globalization that enhance democratic representation, human rights, and egalitarianism." ^{[pranala nonaktif]}
8. ^ Stiglitz, Joseph & Andrew Charlton. 2005. Fair Trade for All: How Trade Can Promote Development. p. 54 n. 23 (writing that "The anti-globalization movement developed in opposition to the perceived negative aspects of globalization. The term 'anti-globalization' is in many ways a misnomer, since the group represents a wide range of interests and issues and many of the people involved in the anti-globalization movement do support closer ties between the various peoples and cultures of the world through, for example, aid, assistance for refugees, and global environmental issues.")