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Uniparental disomy
| Uniparental disomy | |
|---|---|
| Animation of uniparental isodisomy | |
| Specialty | Medical genetics |
Uniparental disomy (UPD) occurs when a person receives two copies of a chromosome, or of part of a chromosome, from one parent and no copy from the other.[1] UPD can be the result of heterodisomy, in which a pair of non-identical chromosomes are inherited from one parent (an earlier stage meiosis I error) or isodisomy, in which a single chromosome from one parent is duplicated (a later stage meiosis II error).[2] Uniparental disomy may have clinical relevance for several reasons. For example, either isodisomy or heterodisomy can disrupt parent-specific genomic imprinting, resulting in imprinting disorders. Additionally, isodisomy leads to large blocks of homozygosity, which may lead to the uncovering of recessive genes, a similar phenomenon seen in inbred children of consanguineous partners.[3]
UPD has been found to occur in about 1 in 2,000 births.[4]
- ^ Robinson WP (May 2000). "Mechanisms leading to uniparental disomy and their clinical consequences". BioEssays. 22 (5): 452–9. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(200005)22:5<452::AID-BIES7>3.0.CO;2-K. PMID 10797485. S2CID 19446912.
- ^ Human Molecular Genetics 3. Garland Science. pp. 58. ISBN 0-8153-4183-0.
- ^ King DA (2013). "A novel method for detecting uniparental disomy from trio genotypes identifies a significant excess in children with developmental disorders". Genome Research. 24 (4): 673–687. doi:10.1101/gr.160465.113. PMC 3975066. PMID 24356988.
- ^ Nakka, Priyanka; Smith, Samuel Pattillo; O'Donnell-Luria, Anne H.; McManus, Kimberly F.; Agee, Michelle; Auton, Adam; Bell, Robert K.; Bryc, Katarzyna; Elson, Sarah L.; Fontanillas, Pierre; Furlotte, Nicholas A. (2019-11-07). "Characterization of Prevalence and Health Consequences of Uniparental Disomy in Four Million Individuals from the General Population". The American Journal of Human Genetics. 105 (5): 921–932. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.09.016. ISSN 0002-9297. PMC 6848996. PMID 31607426.
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