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ICD-9-CM | 94.31 |
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MeSH | D011572 |
Part of a series of articles on |
Psychoanalysis |
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Psychoanalysis[i] is a theory developed by Sigmund Freud. It describes the human soul as an ‘apparatus’ that emerged along the path of evolution and consists mainly of three parts who complement each other in a similar way to the organelles: a set of innate needs, a consciousness that serves to satisfy them, and a memory for the retrievable storage of experiences during made. Further in, it includes insights into the effects of traumatic education and a technique for bringing repressed content back into the realm of consciousness, in particular the diagnostic interpretation of dreams.[ii][iii] Overall, psychoanalysis represents a method for the treatment of mental disorders.
Founded in the early 1890s, initially in co-operation with Josef Breuer's and others' clinical research,[1] Freud continued to revise and refine theory and practice of the discipline until the end of his life in 1939. An encyclopaedic article quotes him with following cornerstones of psychoanalysis:
Using no less psychoanalytical terms, Freud's earlier colleagues Alfred Adler and Carl Gustav Jung developed their own therapeutic methods, which the first called individual psychology and the latter analytical psychology. Freud wrote some criticisms of them and emphatically denied that they were forms of psychoanalysis.[3]
Later neo-Freudian thinkers like Erich Fromm, Karen Horney, and Harry Stack Sullivan developed or branched Psychoanalysis in different directions.[4] Jacques Lacan's work essentially represents a return to Freud. He described Freudian metapsychology as a technical elaboration of the three-instance model of the psyche and primarily examined the logical structure of the unconscious.[5][6]
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