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July Days
| July Days | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Russian Revolution | |||||||
 Rioters on the Nevsky Prospect come under machine gun fire, 17 July | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 BolsheviksSupported by:  Anarchists Socialist Revolutionaries (Left) |
 Provisional GovernmentSupported by:  Mensheviks.svg){kind=small} Socialist Revolutionaries (Right) | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Vladimir Lenin Leon Trotsky Grigory Zinoviev Lev Kamenev Fyodor Raskolnikov |
Georgy Lvov Alexander Kerensky Lavr Kornilov | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 500,000 demonstrators,[1] 4,000–5,000 Red Guard soldiers, few hundred anarchist sailors, and 12,000 soldiers | Several thousand police and soldiers | ||||||
The July Days (Russian: Июльские дни) were a period of unrest in Petrograd, Russia, between 16–20 July [O.S. 3–7 July] 1917. It was characterised by spontaneous armed demonstrations by soldiers, sailors, and industrial workers engaged against the Russian Provisional Government.[2] The demonstrations were angrier and more violent than those during the February Revolution months earlier.[3]
The Provisional Government blamed the Bolsheviks for the violence brought about by the July Days and in a subsequent crackdown on the Bolshevik Party, the party was dispersed, many of the leadership arrested.[4] Vladimir Lenin fled to Finland, while Leon Trotsky was among those arrested.[5]
The outcome of the July Days represented a temporary decline in the growth of Bolshevik power and influence in the period before the October Revolution.[4]
- ^ Trotsky, Leon (1934). The History of the Russian Revolution. London: Victor Gollancz Ltd. p. 573.
- ^ Steinberg, Mark D. (2017). The Russian Revolution 1905-1921. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 75. ISBN 978-0-19-922763-1.
- ^ Steinberg, Mark D. (2001). Voices of Revolution, 1917. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 152. ISBN 978-0-300-09016-1.
- ^ a b Steinberg, Mark D. (2001). Voices of Revolution, 1917. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp. 154–155. ISBN 978-0-300-09016-1.
- ^ Sauvain, Philip (1996). Key Themes of the Twentieth Century. United Kingdom: Stanley Thornes. p. 55. ISBN 978-0-7487-2549-6.
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