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California quail
| California quail | |
|---|---|
| |
| Adult male California quail in Point Reyes, CA | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Galliformes |
| Family: | Odontophoridae |
| Genus: | Callipepla |
| Species: | C. californica
|
| Binomial name | |
| Callipepla californica (Shaw, 1798)
| |
| |
| Range of C. californica. Dark purple: native Light purple: introduced | |
The California quail (Callipepla californica), also known as the California valley quail or Valley quail, is a small ground-dwelling bird in the New World quail family. These birds have a curving crest, plume or topknot made of six feathers, that droops forward: black in males and brown in females; the flanks are brown with white streaks. Males have a dark brown cap and a black face with a brown back, a grey-blue chest and a light brown belly. Females and immature birds are mainly grey-brown with a light-colored belly. Their closest relative is Gambel's quail, which has a more southerly distribution and a longer crest at 2.5 in (6.4 cm), a brighter head and lacks the scaly appearance of the California quail. The two species separated about 1–2 million years ago, during the Late Pliocene or Early Pleistocene.[2] It was selected as the state bird of California in 1931.[3][4]
- ^ BirdLife International (2021). "Callipepla californica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T22679603A138739529. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T22679603A138739529.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Zink1was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Iconic California: State Symbols that Represent California". California State Capitol Museum. Retrieved 2024-04-03.
- ^ "50 California Facts". Meet The USA. 2022.
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